Social web and photojournalism: User-generated content of the Russo-Ukrainian war

Abstract

The research is focused on the emerging practices of digital photojournalism in war contexts, in relation to the use of usergenerated content from social networks. The focal point is the coverage of the Russo-Ukrainian conflict by the two main
online newspapers of the belligerent countries: Ukrayinska Pravda and Rossiyskaya Gazeta. From the analysis of an initial
sample of 7,194 articles (6,646 Ukrainian and 548 Russian), published during the first semester of the war, the preferred type
of graphic content and the degree of presence of images from the different social platforms will be determined. Likewise,
the article offers a theoretical innovation on the current state of the routine of war digital photojournalism, introducing the
definition of the concept of “false collective source” due to the appropriation of mechanisms of collective intelligence for
potential propaganda purposes. The informative use of the social web has generated a transition from “gatekeeping” to
“gatewatching” that makes it necessary to review the state of the art to avoid a possible instrumentalization of the role of users.
Finally, a decalogue is proposed to combat digital illiteracy and identify new appropriation practices, by distinguishing the use
of the social web as an information source versus its use as a mere distribution channel.