女孩时装风格中体现的性化：西班牙-中国跨文化分析

 Mónica Díaz-Bustamante-Ventisca, Complutense University of Madrid (西班牙)

 Carmen Llovet-Rodríguez, International University of Catalonia (西班牙)

 María-José Narros-González, Complutense University of Madrid (西班牙)

https://doi.org/10.3916/C65-2020-07

关键词

童年，性化，跨文化研究，媒体素养，广告，时尚，性别歧视，媒体融合

摘要

许多机构，社会和政治团体都对与童年早期性化有关的风险做出了警告。他们呼吁媒体在避免创建可能导致儿童性化的内容并使所有受众都可以轻松访问上的责任。为了回应这一呼吁，本研究采取了跨文化的中西合作方式，其重点是分析媒体传播的时尚风格中女孩对性化的看法。研究对750名西班牙（N = 449）和中国（N = 301）的传播与广告专业大学生进行了调查。识别出五个潜在的性化因素，这些因素证实了在女孩时尚风格中感知到的性化是多维现象，是由于多种性化特性的组合使用而发生的。研究证实，原籍国（西班牙或中国）和对性化的认识以及已确定的性化潜在因素有关。最后，就上述因素和原籍国而言，研究获得了一个针对就这种儿童性化行为的认知的解释性和高度预测性的模型。结论表明，有必要加强对传播专业人员和未成年人的培训，以避免通过某些样式风格规则创造女孩性化的形象。

参考资料

American Psychological Association (Ed.) (2007). Report of the APA task force on the sexualization of girls. https://bit.ly/35psVnS

Link Google Scholar

Bailey, R. (2011, January 19). Letting children be children: Report of an independent review of the commercialisation and sexualisation of childhood. The Stationery Office. https://doi.org/10.1037/e531022013-001

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Barzoki, M.H., Mohtasham, L., Shahidi, M., & Tavakol, M. (2017). Self-objectification and self-sexualization behavior within consumer culture. Applied Research in Quality of Life, 12(2), 425-438. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11482-016-9468-5

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Bellver, J.M. (2011). Polémica en Francia por las fotos de unas lolitas en el 'Vogue'. El Mundo. https://bit.ly/2PmDbHD

Link Google Scholar

Blake, K.R., Bastian, B., & Denson, T.F. (2016). Perceptions of low agency and high sexual openness mediate the relationship between sexualization and sexual aggression. Aggressive Behavior, 42(5), 483-497. https://doi.org/10.1002/ab.21644

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Congreso de los Diputados de España (Ed.) (2018). Proposición Nº de Ley, 161/002716, de 22 de febrero de 2018, sobre la necesaria promoción de medidas para combatir la hipersexualización de la infancia. Boletín General de las Cortes Generales, Congreso de los Diputados, 22 de marzo de 2018, serie D, nº 323, pp. 56-58. https://bit.ly/3cAQPjG

Link Google Scholar

Daniels, E.A. & Zurbriggen, E.L. (2016). The price of sexy: Viewers’ perceptions of a sexualized versus non-sexualized Facebook profile photograph. Psychology of Popular Media Culture, 5(1), 2-14. https://doi.org/10.1037/ppm0000048

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Díaz-Bustamante, M., & Llovet-Rodríguez, C. (2017). Empowerment or impoverishment of children from social networks? Perceptions of sexualized images of girls in Instagram. El Profesional de la Información, 26(1), 77-87. https://doi.org/10.3145/epi.2017.ene.08

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Duffy, G. (2014). Justifying transcultural international studies. Perceptions, 19(1), 135-151. https://bit.ly/2ybn8H9

Link Google Scholar

Eleá, I., & Mikos, L. (2017). Young & creative. Digital technologies empowering children in everyday life. The International Clearinghouse on Children, Youth and Media. Nordicom. https://doi.org/10.1177/0267323118764465i

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

García-Ruiz, R., Ramírez, A., & Rodríguez, M.M. (2014). Media literacy education for a new prosumer citizenship. [Educación en alfabetización mediática para una nueva ciudadanía prosumidora]. Comunicar, 43, 15-23. https://doi.org/10.3916/C43-2014-01

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Graff, K.A., Murnen, S.K., & Krause, A.K. (2013). Low-cut shirts and high-heeled shoes: Increased sexualization across time in magazine depictions of girls. Sex Roles, 69(11-12), 571-582. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-013-0321-0

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Gunter, B. (2014). Media and the sexualization of childhood. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315774305

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Hatton, E., & Trautner, M.N. (2011). Equal opportunity objectification? The sexualization of men and women on the cover of rolling stone. Sexuality & Culture, 15(3), 256-278. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12119-011-9093-2

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Hola (2014). Especial niños y madres con estilo, otoño-invierno 2014. nº 3.658. https://bit.ly/3bXsh4h

Link Google Scholar

Huberty, C.J. (1984). Issues in the use and interpretation of discriminant analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 95(1), 156-171. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.95.1.156

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Instituto Nacional de Estadística-INE Base. (2018). Población residente por fecha, sexo y edad. https://bit.ly/2VUoZsM

Link Google Scholar

Islas, O. (2009). Understanding cultural convergence through media ecology. [La convergencia cultural a través de la ecología de medios]. Comunicar, 33, 25-33. https://doi.org/10.3916/c33-2009-02-002

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Jongenelis, M.I., Pettigrew, S., Byrne, S.M., & Biagioni, N. (2016). An investigation of young girls’ responses to sexualized images. Body image, 19, 150-158. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2016.09.003

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Kabali, H.K., Irigoyen, M.M., Nunez-Davis, R., Budacki, J.G., Mohanty, S.H., Leister, K.P., & Bonner, R.L. (2015). Exposure and use of mobile media devices by young children. Pediatrics, 136(6), 1044-1050. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2015-2151

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Li, D. (2019). Comunicación turística intercultural: principales diferencias entre Oriente y Occidente a través de los ejemplos de China y Europa. [Tesis doctoral, Universidad Complutense de Madrid]. E-Prints Complutense. https://bit.ly/3ffksIU

Link Google Scholar

López-Cepeda, A., López-Golán, M., & Rodríguez-Castro, M. (2019). Participatory audiences in the European public service media: Content production and copyright. [Audiencias participativas en el servicio audiovisual público europeo: Producción de contenidos y derechos de autor]. Comunicar, 60, 93-102. https://doi.org/10.3916/C60-2019-09

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

López-García, X., Silva-Rodríguez, A., Vizoso-García, A.A., Westlund, O., & Canavilhas, J. (2019). Mobile journalism: Systematic literature review. [Periodismo móvil: Revisión sistemática de la producción científica]. Comunicar, 59, 9-18. https://doi.org/10.3916/C59-2019-01

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Martín-Llaguno, M., & Hernández-Ruiz, A. (2010). Efectos de la deontología de la publicidad en la actitud profesional. Questiones Publicitarias, 1(15), 99-113. https://doi.org/10.5565/rev/qp.85

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Mascheroni, G., & Ólafsson, K. (2016). The mobile Internet: Access, use, opportunities and divides among European children. New Media & Society, 18(8), 1657-1679. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444814567986

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

McCall, C. (2012, March 22). The sexualization of women and girls. Psychology Today. https://bit.ly/2VWQRws

Link Google Scholar

McKenney, S.J., & Bigler, R.S. (2016). High heels, low grades: Internalized sexualization and academic orientation among adolescent girls. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 26(1), 30-36. https://doi.org/10.1111/jora.12179

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades - Gobierno de España (Ed.) (2017). Avance de la Estadística de Estudiantes Universitarios. Curso 2017/2018. https://bit.ly/2E7wMdy

Link Google Scholar

Moloney, M.E., & Pelehach, L. (2013). You’re not good enough: Teaching undergraduate students about the sexualization of girls and women. Teaching Sociology, 42(2), 119-129. https://doi.org/10.1177/0092055x13513179

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Mueller, B. (2010). Dynamics of international advertising: Theoretical and practical perspectives. Peter Lang. https://doi.org/10.3726/978-1-4539-1495-3

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

National Bureau of Statistics of China (2018). 21-2 Number of Students of Formal Education by Type and Level 2017. https://bit.ly/2y8xG9Z

Link Google Scholar

Nelson, M.R., & Paek, H.J. (2005). Cross-cultural differences in sexual advertising content in a transnational women's magazine. Sex Roles, 53(5-6), 371-383. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-005-6760-5

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Sanz-Pérez, G., & Rosso, L.M. (2016). Creatividad y educación en China. Algunas ideas sobre el debate actual. Journal of Supranational Policies of Education, 4, 177-191. https://bit.ly/2Wicp5v

Link Google Scholar

Smolak, L., Murnen, S.K., & Myers, T.A. (2014). Sexualizing the self: What college women and men think about and do to be ‘sexy’. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 38(3), 379-397. https://doi.org/10.1177/0361684314524168

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Speno, A.G., & Aubrey, J.S. (2017). Sexualization, youthification, and adultification: A content analysis of images of girls and women in popular magazines. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 95(3), 625-646. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077699017728918

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Starr, C. (2015). An objective look at early sexualization and the media. Sex Roles, 72(1-2), 85-87. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-014-0422-4

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Telva (Ed.) (2014). Telva Niños, otoño-invierno 2014. nº 17. https://bit.ly/2KDmKDQ

Link Google Scholar

The Family Watch (Ed.) (2018). VII Barómetro de la familia TFW. https://bit.ly/2WfEN8C

Link Google Scholar

Welsch, W. (1999). Transculturality: The puzzling form of cultures today. In M. Featherstone, & S. Lash (Eds.), Theory, Culture & Society: Spaces of culture: City, nation, world (pp. 195-213). Sage. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781446218723.n11

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

World Economic Forum (Ed.) (2018). The Global Gender Gap Report 2018. https://bit.ly/2WmFdd1

Link Google Scholar

Yaqing, Q. (2012). Cultura y pensamiento global: Una teoría china de las relaciones internacionales. Revista CIDOB D'Afers Internacionals, 100, 67-90. https://bit.ly/2SuAbdA

Link Google Scholar

Zotos, Y.C., & Tsichla, E. (2014). Female stereotypes in print advertising: A retrospective analysis. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 148, 446-454. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.07.064

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

技术信息

收到: 09-01-2020

修订: 28-02-2020

公认: 28-04-2020

OnlineFirst: 15-06-2020

发布日期: 01-10-2020

文章修改时间: 50 天 | 期刊编号的平均时间修订 65: 36 天

文章接受时间: 110 天 | 期刊编号的平均接受时间 65: 79 天

预印本编辑时间: 221 天 | 期刊编号的平均编辑时间预印 65: 191 天

文章编辑时间: 266 天 | 期刊编号的平均编辑时间 65: 236 天

度量

这篇文章的度量

浏览次数: 42170

对摘要的解读: 37182

PDF下载: 4988

的全部指标 65

浏览次数: 441855

对摘要的解读: 380326

PDF下载: 61529

被引用